Ludwig weiss



UNITED STATES LUDWIG PATENT OFFICE WEISS, OFBUDAPEST, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 6, 1906.-

Application filed March 18,1904. Serial No. 198,827.

To all whom it may concern.-

Beit known that I, LUDWIG WEI ss, civil en gineer, a subject of the Emperor of Austriaiungary, residing at 37-39 Jozsef Korfit V III, in the city of Budapest, Empire of Austria-Hu11gary,l1ave invented certain new and useful Improvements in Binding Agents and- Processes of Forming Same, of which the fol' lowing is a full, clear, and exact specification.

My invention relates to binding agents orcements and processes of making same, by means of which binding agents or cements suitable pulverulent materials such as brown coal, pit-coal, charcoal, coke-dust, sand, broken stones, or other suitable substances of mineral origin-as, for instance, pounded and pulverized or comminuted iron or other ore and incombustible fireproof materials-can be united to, hard pieces in a cold state.

Hitherto amorphous magnesite, which when burned and combined with chlorid of magnesium forms theknown Sorrel cement,

was employed for making a binding agent.

This binding agent meets the requirements,

but since amorphous magnesite is only very seldom found to be of workable thickness the cement made therefrom is only used by way of exception on account of its high price,

and besides the chlorid of magnesium also corrodes the iron. The sulfate of calciumgypsumlikewise used as a binding agent has only a slight binding power, for which reason it cannot give any satisfactory results even when used in large quantities, because it is not weatherproof.

The binding agent made aocordin to the process forming the subject-matter o this invention is free from the above-mentioned drawbacks, since it can be made cheaper than any known binding agent.

The process forming the subject-mattei of this invention consists, essentially, in the fact that the mixture of a calcium and magnesium salt (chiefly the mixture of the carbonates of the two mentioned metals) is converted into sulfate of calcium and magnesium by means of sulfuric acid. For this purpose dolomite is preferably used. Since, however, the calcium and magnesium contents of the dolomite vary according to the place where it is both carbonates is regulated by adding limestone or magnesite until it reaches the chemical value requisite for making this binding agent. The most suitable proportion is apfound, the proportion of proximately as followsv1z., two hundred parts in all, divided, by weight, into one hundred parts of dolomite, fifty parts of calcium carbonate, and fifty parts of carbonate of magnesium. The use of dolomite is supported by the fact that dolomite is general employed as raw material in the carbonic-acid small ipercentage of sulfate of calcium is sepa- I rated om the solid portion of the residues and can be used as a binding agent. The remaining solid portion of the residues is then dried at a high temperaturesay, at about a dull-- red heatin a mixing-drum or drying-chamber, the previously pulpy material being converted into solid pieces. A portion of the solid pieces thus produced is now made redhot, whereupon thedried as well as the burned portion is ground to a fine powder. This powder is now mixed in a dry state with the material to be united, and for the purpose of producing the hardenin according to the nature of the material to be combined the said mixture is moistened with ordinary water or steam or with the liquid separated from the pulp. If the waste of the carbonic-acid or.

soda-water works is not sufficient, magnesite or dolomite is burned and converted into the correspondin oxids, ground after'coolin and the pow er thus produced is mixed wit the liquid separated from the above-mentioned solved sulfate of magnesium and a small percentage of calcium, thereby producing a binding agent which also contains hydrate pulp and chiefly consisting of dis of magnesium and calcium. If the said.

binding agent is to be used for making coal or of the binding agent is added to the coal or coke dust, which quantity suffices for effecting a hardening of the form-pieces pressed out of the mixture at a temperature of 18 to 20 within a few hours and for converting the same into combustible solid pieces. The briquets thus made do not fall to pieces in the fire. The binding. agent used does not give rise to the development of soot, smoke, or smell, and'is Water and weather proof. A preliminary drying or heating of t e coal or foe coke briquets, about two to four per cent.

IIu

, sulfuric acid, drying the forming a bindi com osing by su furic acid a total mixture of.

two undred arts composed of one hundred o parts by "weig aim is unnecessary. Similar steps may be taken when making artificial stones, except- ',that the binding agent only amounts to yed, and when making carvings the corres ondingly-diluted material is cast in molds.

or combining the ounded ore the liquid can be em loyed which is separated from the pulp pro uced from the decomposed dolomite.

Hav' now particularly described and ascertaine the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same' is to be perfar ed I declare that what I-claim isl. The hereinbeforedescribed process of forming a binding agent for pulverulent substances, consisting in decomposing a mixture of carbonates of e ss p t of dolomite, fifty arts cal- I cium carbonate, and fifty parts car onate of magnesium, drying the decomposed precipitated products, burnin a portion of the precipitated products, an

es -in a solid substance at an ordinary temperature, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.-

eilght to ten per cent. of the raw material em-- p o mixing the unburned '5 and burned portions together, whereby a product results which when moistened solidiamass 3. A binding agent composed of a mixture of salts of calcium and magnesium and carbonates of the said metals decomposed by sulfuric acid which have been dried, and a ortion burned and again mixed with the unurned residue.

4. A bindin agent com osed of a mixture of decompose salts of ca cium and ma nesium and carbonates of the said metals w ich have been dried, and a portion burned and again mixed with the unburned residues.

5. A binding agent composed of one hundred parts by Wei ht of decomposed dolomite, fifty parts ecom osed calcium carbonate, and fifty parts diacomposed carbonate of magnesium, a portion only of which is burned. c

6. A binding agent, composed of decomposed dolomite and decomposed carbonate of ma nesium, a portion only of which is burne 7. The hereinbeforedescribed process of forming a binding agent for pulverulent substances, consisting in decomposing a mixture of calcium and magnesium carbonate, dryin the mixture, burnm a portion thereof an thoroughly mixing t e burned with the unburned powder, whereby a roduct results which when moistened soli ifies in asolid substance at an ordinary temperature, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand'in presence of two witnesses LUDWIG' WEISS. Witnesses v JAooB KARMAR LoUIs NARIDORY. 

